Giotto’s Bell Tower stands beside Florence Cathedral in Piazza del Duomo. Climb its 414 steps for a close view of Brunelleschi’s dome and a panorama across the city. The freestanding tower is clad in white, red and green marble, with Gothic arches, patterned panels, reliefs and statues to look for as you ascend. Three viewing platforms break up the climb. The narrow stairways make this a demanding visit, so take your time and choose another viewpoint if stairs or enclosed spaces are difficult for you.
A tower built beside the cathedral
Giotto’s Bell Tower is the freestanding campanile of Florence Cathedral, also called Santa Maria del Fiore. Work began in 1334, when Giotto di Bondone was appointed to design it. He died in 1337, after completing only part of the project. Andrea Pisano continued the work, and Francesco Talenti brought the tower to completion in 1359.
The tower rises about 85 metres. Its square form and strong vertical lines give it a distinct presence beside the cathedral, while its white, red and green marble connects its appearance to the neighboring building. It is a significant example of Florentine Gothic architecture from the 14th century.
Marble, panels and sculpture
Look closely at the exterior before you begin the climb. The tower’s decoration includes hexagonal panels and diamond-shaped reliefs, along with statues and large windows. The sculptural program covers subjects including human creation, professions and daily life, the planets, the arts, Christian sacraments and human virtues. Statues of kings, patriarchs and prophets are also part of the decoration; sculptors associated with the work include Andrea Pisano and Donatello.
The detail continues as you move upward. Take time on the ascent to notice how the patterned marble and openings change across the levels. The tower was designed to be admired as architecture as well as climbed as a viewpoint.
The climb and the view
Reaching the top means climbing 414 steps through narrow passages. Three viewing platforms interrupt the ascent, providing places to rest and look out before continuing. The stairways are steep and can feel enclosed, so the climb is not a good fit if you have mobility limitations or feel uncomfortable in confined spaces.
At the top, the view takes in Florence and the dome of the cathedral. From the tower, Brunelleschi’s dome is part of the panorama, giving you a perspective that is not available from the dome itself. A fence surrounds the upper viewing area, which can make photography more awkward, particularly with a large camera. Take care on the stairs both up and down, and leave time to stop at the platforms along the way.
FAQ
How many steps are there in Giotto’s Bell Tower?
There are 414 steps to the top. Three viewing platforms provide places to pause during the climb.
What can you see from the top of Giotto’s Bell Tower?
The view takes in Florence and Brunelleschi’s dome, which is part of the panorama from the tower.
Is the climb suitable for visitors with mobility issues?
The climb uses steep, narrow stairs and is not suitable for people with mobility limitations.
Is Giotto’s Bell Tower part of the Duomo complex?
Yes. It stands beside Florence Cathedral and is part of the Duomo complex; access is included with a pass covering the complex.
