At Piazzale del Verano, 3, the Basilica of St Lawrence Outside the Walls is a Roman basilica built over the traditional site of St Lawrence’s martyrdom and tomb. Its unusual form brings together an older church and a 13th-century addition. Inside, look for the mosaics, Roman columns and Cosmatesque floors; the grounds include a cloister and cemetery. The basilica is one of Rome’s seven pilgrimage churches, and its quieter setting suits a reflective visit alongside the city’s better-known basilicas.
A church built in two stages
The basilica stands on the traditional site of St Lawrence’s tomb and martyrdom. St Lawrence was a deacon, and the church is dedicated to him. One account connects his execution in 258 with the site where an early structure was later built.
The church began as two separate buildings. Pope Pelagius II commissioned the older part in the late sixth century. In the 13th century, Pope Honorius III ordered a second church to be built in front of it. The structures were later joined, giving the basilica its distinctive arrangement. The building is Romanesque in style.
Mosaics, columns and floors
Inside, look for the mosaics, Roman columns and arches, and Cosmatesque floors. The combination of architectural elements from different periods gives the church a different appearance from Rome’s other basilicas. The site also has a crypt area.
The basilica was badly damaged during the Second World War. Allied air raids destroyed the building and many of its frescoes. It was rebuilt using rubble from the damaged church; remnants of the ancient building were gathered at the area now occupied by Verano Cemetery.
The cloister and pilgrimage site
The grounds include a cloister and cemetery. Follow signs marked “chiostro” to find the cloister. The cemetery is associated with the tomb of St Lawrence, while the basilica itself holds relics of St Lawrence and St Stephen. The tomb of Blessed Pope Pius IX is another place to visit inside.
St Lawrence Outside the Walls is one of Rome’s seven pilgrimage churches. It can be included in a route visiting all seven. A Holy Door is also present and has particular significance during Jubilee years, when passing through it forms part of Catholic pilgrimage and reflection.
FAQ
Where is the Basilica of St Lawrence Outside the Walls?
It is at Piazzale del Verano, 3, in Rome.
What should I see inside the basilica?
Look for the mosaics, Roman columns, Cosmatesque floors, crypt area, relics of St Lawrence and St Stephen, and the tomb of Blessed Pope Pius IX.
Is the basilica one of Rome’s pilgrimage churches?
Yes. It is one of the seven churches included in Rome’s traditional pilgrimage route.
How do I find the cloister?
Follow the signs marked “chiostro” on the basilica grounds.
