Half Dome is the granite landmark at the eastern end of Yosemite Valley, rising nearly 5,000 feet above the valley floor. You can admire its sheer face from viewpoints around Yosemite, including Glacier Point, or take on the strenuous hike to the summit. The roughly 14- to 16-mile round trip from Yosemite Valley takes about 10 to 12 hours and climbs 4,800 feet. The final ascent follows cables up a steep granite slope, so this route is for experienced hikers prepared for a demanding day.
A granite landmark above Yosemite Valley
Half Dome stands at the eastern end of Yosemite Valley. Its sheer face and rounded sides give the formation its name, though the shape changes with the viewpoint: from Glacier Point, the rock appears more like a narrow ridge with a steep back slope. From the valley floor, its scale is striking, with the summit nearly 5,000 feet above the valley.
You do not have to climb it to see Half Dome. Glacier Point gives a broad view across the valley and toward the High Sierra. In the valley, Cook’s Meadow, Stoneman Meadow and the area near Sentinel Bridge are among the spots where the rock comes into view. At Sentinel Bridge, Half Dome can be seen reflected in the Merced River. Olmstead Point gives a different perspective on its back side.
What the summit hike involves
The route from the Happy Isles trailhead in Yosemite Valley is roughly 14 to 16 miles round trip, with about 4,800 feet of elevation gain and loss. Plan on a strenuous day of around 10 to 12 hours. The trail climbs past Vernal Fall and Nevada Fall before continuing through rocky mountain terrain toward the dome.
The final section is the cable route, a steep ascent up granite slabs using metal cables for support. Wooden slats provide footholds along parts of the climb. The exposure and demanding terrain make this section unsuitable for anyone who is uncomfortable with heights or unsure of their footing. Gloves and sturdy shoes with good grip are useful for this stretch.
A permit is required to hike to the summit, and permits are allocated by lottery. Some backpackers arrange an overnight trip, including a stay in Little Yosemite Valley, to begin the summit attempt closer to the dome. Backpacking permits are also sought after, so plan around the permit process rather than assuming a summit hike will be possible.
Choosing a viewpoint or a longer route
For a view without the long climb, Glacier Point is a prominent place to see Half Dome above Yosemite Valley. It can be reached by road or bus when access is available, or by a strenuous hike. Conditions and access can depend on the season, so check current park information before setting out. Valley viewpoints provide a lower-angle view of the formation and can be combined with time spent exploring Yosemite Valley.
Backpackers can also see Half Dome as part of a longer journey from Tuolumne Meadows toward Yosemite Valley, using routes that include the John Muir Trail or Clouds Rest. Clouds Rest has a narrow, rocky trail with steep drop-offs and views of Half Dome, El Capitan and the Cathedral Range. These routes add substantial backcountry demands and require their own planning; they are not a shortcut to the summit.
For the valley-to-summit hike, begin before dawn, carry suitable hiking gear and allow time to return before dark. Snow and ice can affect some sections in certain conditions. If the cable route feels unsafe on the day, enjoy the views from below instead.
FAQ
Do you need a permit to hike Half Dome?
Yes. A permit is required for the summit hike, and permits are allocated by lottery.
How long does the Half Dome hike take?
Allow about 10 to 12 hours for the roughly 14- to 16-mile round trip from Yosemite Valley.
How difficult is the Half Dome hike?
It is a strenuous hike with about 4,800 feet of elevation gain and loss. The final ascent follows cables up a steep granite slope.
Can you see Half Dome without hiking to the summit?
Yes. Viewpoints include Glacier Point, Cook’s Meadow, Stoneman Meadow, Sentinel Bridge and Olmstead Point.
