Nizwa Fort is a 17th-century fort in the centre of Nizwa, the former capital of Oman, next to Nizwa Souq. Its round tower rises around 40 metres, and the climb to the top gives a view over the date plantations and the Hajar Mountains. Inside, rooms hold coin, weapon and book collections and show how people lived and defended the town. Allow about two hours for the fort, and plan the tower for late afternoon if you can.
Who built it and why
Sultan Bin Saif Al Yaruba, the first imam of the Yaruba dynasty, had the fort built in the 17th century. Construction took about 12 years, and the fort was completed in 1668.
The fort's main job was to protect the town during an attack and to give all residents a safe refuge in wartime. Its position also helped it guard the interior region and the trade routes that crossed it, at a time when Nizwa was a centre of trade between the interior and the coast.
The imam who expanded Nizwa Fort to its present form also built Jabreen Castle, and the two share many design features. While he reigned, Jabreen was the centre of power in Oman. The seat of government returned to Nizwa at the end of his rule.
The tower and the view
The tower is round and stands about 40 metres high. Reaching the top means walking along the battlements, and the climb is the main reason many visitors come. From above, the date plantations spread out below the town, and the Hajar Mountains rise behind it.
Some Nizwa tours include the fort in their route, which helps explain the building's layout before you go in.
Inside the fort
Around the tower, the fort is a complex of storage rooms, living quarters, passageways, prayer rooms and shared spaces. The exhibits cover coins, weapons and books, and they show Omani daily life and the military thinking behind the fort's design.
Look up at the engraved ceilings and at the wooden doors. One account also mentions seven wells and several prisons inside the walls.
The fort is not on UNESCO's World Heritage list, unlike Bahla Fort. It is, however, the most visited national monument in Oman.
Around the fort
Al Qala'a Mosque is nearby. Non-Muslims cannot enter it, but the building can be seen from outside.
On Fridays, livestock traders bring goats, sheep and camels to the area around the fort. If you want to see the market, arrive early, since the trading starts in the early morning.
FAQ
Is there an entry fee?
Yes. Non-Omani adults have been charged 5 OMR, about $13. Check the official website for current prices.
How long do you need at Nizwa Fort?
Allow about two hours for the battlements, the exhibits and the garden inside.
Can you climb the tower?
Yes. Visitors can climb to the top of the tower for the panoramic view over the town and the mountains.
Is Nizwa Fort wheelchair accessible?
The entrance and the parking lot are wheelchair accessible.
